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304 与 316L 不锈钢对比: 实用选择指南
304 与 316L 不锈钢对比: 实用选择指南
304 and 316L are the two most common austenitic stainless grades. They look almost identical but behave differently in corrosive service. Specifying the right one prevents premature failure — and overspending on 316L when 304 would do.
What Makes Them Different
Both are 18 % Cr – 8 % Ni alloys. The key difference is 钼: 316L adds 2.0 – 2.5 % 莫, which greatly improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. 这 “L” means low carbon (≤ 0.030 %), which prevents sensitization after welding.
| 财产 | 304 | 316L |
|---|---|---|
| 铬 ( % ) | 18 – 20 | 16 – 18 |
| 在 ( % ) | 8 – 10.5 | 10 – 14 |
| 莫 ( % ) | — | 2.0 – 2.5 |
| Pitting resistance | Good in clean air/water | Excellent in chloride / salt |
Use 304 When
304 is the default for indoor, architectural and food-contact use: 厨房设备, 栏杆, 装饰条, sheet and plate. 看看我们的 304 床单, 304 渠道 和 304 floor plate.
Use 316L When
Step up to 316L for marine, 沿海, 化学, pharmaceutical and outdoor splash zones. The low carbon “L” also helps when welded components cannot be post-weld annealed. 看看我们的 316L plate, 316L round bar, 316L flat bar 和 316L welded pipe.
